Israel Protests Continue, Heat Wave Study, Emmett Till Memorial

2023-07-25 00:12:56

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5Speaker 5
00:02.42 – 00:05.28

Israel's right-wing government added to its power.

2Speaker 2
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Benjamin Netanyahu's coalition did that by removing a check on its actions.

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How does the opposition respond to the right-wing move against the Supreme Court?

5Speaker 5
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I'm Steve Inskeep with Leila Fadl, and this is Up First from NPR News.

00:20.44 – 00:25.64

A climate scientist finds this fact so obvious, it's a little boring.

2Speaker 2
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The more heat that we put into our atmosphere, it will translate into bigger heat events.

5Speaker 5
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Scientists find no mystery in this summer's record-breaking heat wave.

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How can people respond to the heat?

2Speaker 2
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Also, Emmett Till would have been 82 years old today had he survived a mob attack in

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1955.

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His murder became a symbol for the civil rights movement.

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How do new national monuments honor his story?

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Stay with us.

00:50.76 – 00:52.74

We'll give you the news you need to start your day.

00:57.66 – 01:01.82

On the TED Radio Hour, MIT psychologist Sherry Turkle.

01:02.26 – 01:07.76

Her latest research into the intimate relationships people are having with chatbots.

01:08.22 – 01:15.36

Technologies that say, I care about you, I love you, I'm here for you, take care of me.

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The pros and cons of artificial intimacy.

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That's on the TED Radio Hour from NPR.

01:22.94 – 01:28.70

Israelis woke up today to their three largest newspapers carrying a black front page.

5Speaker 5
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The black pages were ads that protesters took out calling it a dark day for democracy in

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Israel.

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Defying more than six months of street protests, the government passed a law limiting a check

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on its own power.

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Until now, the Supreme Court in Israel has had the right to reject some government actions

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it did not consider reasonable.

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So what happens now that the Knesset stripped that power away?

2Speaker 2
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NPR's Daniel Estrin is in Jerusalem and joins me now.

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Good morning, Daniel.

3Speaker 3
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Hi, good morning.

2Speaker 2
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So what do things look like today in Israel?

3Speaker 3
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Doctors are on strike today protesting the law.

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Hospitals are operating on limited schedule.

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And Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu was on TV last night saying he was extending

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a hand to the opposition.

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And at the very same time, police trucks were spraying water on protesters who were blocking

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major roads for hours.

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There were some injuries.

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And also on live TV, we saw in Parliament a right-wing minister brush off a plea for

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compromise on the law, while Netanyahu sat next to that minister and was just stone-faced

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and didn't say anything.

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And commentators today are calling that a symbol that Netanyahu, they say, isn't the

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one in the driver's seat here.

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It's his far-right cabinet ministers driving this new law.

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And one of them said, quote, this is just the beginning.

2Speaker 2
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This is just the beginning.

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Okay, so for Israel's government, let's take a broad look at this.

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How might the government use this law to advance its wider goals?

3Speaker 3
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Well, with this law, as Steve said, the Supreme Court can no longer use the clause of reasonability

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to block the hiring and firing of officials.

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And legal experts are concerned that the Israeli government could use this to replace professional

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watchdog officials throughout the civil service with yes-men, yes-people for the ultra-nationalist

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government.

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And that could help them rubber-stamp discriminatory policies against Palestinians.

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Just for an example, one Palestinian lawyer told me about a case where the Supreme Court

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in the past blocked Israel from building its West Bank separation barrier right through

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the middle of a Palestinian village.

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And the court said that was unreasonable.

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And now the court won't be able to do that.

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Now experts say that there are still other legal principles the court can take in Israel

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to protect Palestinian rights.

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But advocates say this law is, you know, it's a bigger picture here.

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It's a first step in a wider move to change democratic institutions to further target

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Palestinian rights and other things that an ultra-nationalist government doesn't like.

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For instance, the Justice Minister recently raised the case of Arab citizens moving into

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a Jewish-majority town as something that should be prevented.

2Speaker 2
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Wow.

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What will you be looking at in the coming days and weeks?

3Speaker 3
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Well, groups are already petitioning the Supreme Court, challenging this law.

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The question is, will the Supreme Court intervene?

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It never has intervened with the kind of law that was passed yesterday.

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It's equivalent to a constitutional amendment in Israel.

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And also defense experts are worried about the readiness of Israel's military.

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Thousands of volunteer reservists are saying they will not serve now in protest.

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And there are many enemies on Israel's border, including Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah,

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who said this crisis in Israel puts Israel on the path of collapse.

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So Israel is worried about its security right at this moment.

2Speaker 2
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I'm PR's Daniel Estrin in Jerusalem.

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I'm sure we'll be hearing from you much more in the coming days.

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Thank you, Daniel.

3Speaker 3
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You're welcome.

2Speaker 2
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North America, Europe, and Asia have all been hit by sweltering temperatures this month.

5Speaker 5
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Triple digits in some cases, and life-threatening heat waves, which all raise the same question

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as they always do.

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Is this climate change?

2Speaker 2
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And PR's Nathan Rott is covering a new study out today that aims to address that question.

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Hi, Nate.

1Speaker 1
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Hey, good morning, Layla.

2Speaker 2
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Okay, so what does the study say?

1Speaker 1
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Well, it says that the recent heat waves in America and Southern Europe, which have broken

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records as you said, and put tens of millions of people under heat advisories and warnings,

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would be, quote, virtually impossible, end quote, without human-caused climate change.

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And that recent heat waves in China were made 50 times more likely because of it.

2Speaker 2
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Okay, so a definitive yes, this is climate change.

1Speaker 1
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Yeah, resounding yes.

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I mean, this research was conducted by a team of international scientists working in

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a collaborative group called World Weather Attribution.

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We should say this study has not been peer-reviewed yet because it's what scientists call a rapid

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attribution study, which is kind of a growing field in climate science.

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It aims to show the role climate change is playing in an extreme weather event as it's

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happening or soon after while it's still on the public mind and being talked about on

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news programs.

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And the researchers found that climate change has not only made these kinds of extreme heat

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waves more common, but it's also making them hotter.

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They added El Nino, a natural weather phenomenon, is likely contributing to some of the heat,

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but the main driver, they say, is fossil fuels.

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Here's Frederica Otto, a climate scientist at Imperial College London, who was involved

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with the research when she was speaking at a press event yesterday.

2Speaker 2
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It's a very boring study, yes.

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From a scientific point of view, there is nothing new because we have known this for

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a long time and we see exactly what we expected to see.

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Wow, she sounds annoyed, frustrated.

1Speaker 1
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If you talk to climate scientists lately, like I know you do sometimes, you will hear

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that a lot because this isn't new, right?

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I got pretty much the exact same reaction from other climate scientists and researchers

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I talked to yesterday who were not involved in this study but had reviewed its findings.

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Here's Bernadette Woods-Plackey, the chief meteorologist at Climate Central, a non-profit

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climate science group.

2Speaker 2
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Overall, it is not surprising that there's a climate connection with the extreme heat

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that we're seeing around the world right now.

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We know what adding more greenhouse gases to our atmosphere does and we continue to

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add more of them through the burning of fossil fuels.

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So the more heat that we put into our atmosphere, it will translate into bigger heat events.

1Speaker 1
07:37.36 – 07:40.72

Which is a really important thing to keep in mind, Layla, because a lot of the heat

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records that we're seeing broken right now in Europe, Asia, America, they are probably

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going to be broken again in the years to come.

2Speaker 2
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I mean, that's a scary thought because it's already so hot.

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What should people do?

1Speaker 1
07:52.38 – 07:55.82

Well, the obvious big picture solution is to stop warming the planet, right?

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The international community has pledged to limit global warming increases to about 2.7

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degrees Fahrenheit compared to what they were in pre-industrial times.

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A lot of climate scientists think that goal is already out of reach.

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The planet has already warmed nearly two degrees.

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But the science is overwhelmingly clear that the fewer fossil fuel emissions we put in

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the atmosphere means a more hospitable planet for humans and animals alike.

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The other thing that we can do is to look out for each other during a heatwave.

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Public health officials have been urging people to check in on their neighbors, especially

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elderly or immunocompromised people, as these hot temperatures continue.

2Speaker 2
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Nathan Wratt is part of NPR's Climate Desk.

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Thanks for your reporting.

1Speaker 1
08:39.62 – 08:40.32

Yeah, thank you, Layla.

2Speaker 2
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President Biden will sign a declaration today, making three sites a national monument for

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Emmett Till and his mother, Mamie Till Mobley.

5Speaker 5
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For decades, people have wanted to commemorate the lynching of the 14-year-old in 1955.

2Speaker 2
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With us now to talk about these monuments and what they're hoping to convey is Maya

09:07.52 – 09:07.78

Miller.

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She's with the Gulf States Newsroom.

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And she's with us now.

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Good morning.

4Speaker 4
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Good morning.

09:12.92 – 09:13.10

Hi.

2Speaker 2
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So you toured a couple of these monuments.

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Tell me about them.

4Speaker 4
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So the first site that I visited was called Grable Landing.

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That's where Emmett Till's pulled out of the Tallahatchie River.

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What struck me there was the sign explaining what happened.

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It's bulletproof, and that's because at least three previous signs had been shot up.

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And it was just really quiet considering the violence of that place.

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Emmett Till, he was killed because he allegedly whistled at a white woman.

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He was only 14 when men kidnapped him from his family's home in Money, Mississippi.

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And they took him to a barn where they tortured and shot him and then threw him in that river.

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The other memorial site is the courthouse in Sumner where the trial of two men took

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place.

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They were found not guilty of murder by an all-white, all-male jury.

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And that courthouse has been reconstructed to what it looked like in 1955.

2Speaker 2
10:07.80 – 10:12.16

Now, his death was such an important, pivotal moment for the Civil Rights Movement.

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And the third site for this monument designation is in Chicago, and it's the church where

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his funeral was.

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If you could just remind us of the impact of that day because of the decision of his

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mother.

4Speaker 4
10:23.48 – 10:27.18

Yeah, so that's the Mamie Till Mobley part of the memorial park.

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It's where his mother Mamie insisted on an open casket funeral, and she invited the press

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and everyone to come and see the violence that had happened to her son.

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And his body was on view.

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Thousands of people came and a photo was taken and published in Jet Magazine.

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And it really publicized the brutality of the Jim Crow South.

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This church is already a Chicago landmark, so adding it into the monument designation

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just sort of made sense.

2Speaker 2
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And so individuals and organizations have pushed for a national monument to Edmunds

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Hill for decades now.

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What are they hoping to accomplish with this designation?

4Speaker 4
11:05.66 – 11:10.40

So having this designation means that the sites are federally protected, so there are

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more resources towards teaching what really happened.

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And there's this belief among those who've been really pushing on the designation that

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racial reconciliation begins with telling the truth.

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And I asked Alan Spears, who's been at this for a while, he's with the National Park

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Conservation Association, what a national park means for Emmett Till and Mamie Till

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Mobley's legacy.

1Speaker 1
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We say their names to make sure that we honor their lives and that we remember them.

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And as long as their names are spoken, they will never be forgotten.

4Speaker 4
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And by never forgetting, they hope that this monument will provide what he calls narrative

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justice, since Till couldn't get justice while he was alive, and hopes that more people

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will engage with this story of Emmett Till, who would have been 82 years old today.

2Speaker 2
11:57.02 – 11:59.54

It's his birthday, if he'd been allowed to live.

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Maya Miller is a Mississippi-based reporter with the Gulf States Newsroom.

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Thanks for your reporting.

4Speaker 4
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Thank you, Layla.

2Speaker 2
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And that's Up First for Tuesday, July 25th.

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I'm Layla Falden.

5Speaker 5
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12:15.28 – 12:18.92

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Start your day with us here tomorrow.

2Speaker 2
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