2023-06-16 00:13:11
NPR's Up First is the news you need to start your day. The three biggest stories of the day, with reporting and analysis from NPR News — in 10 minutes. Available weekdays at 6:30 a.m. ET, with hosts Leila Fadel, Steve Inskeep, Michel Martin and A Martinez. Also available on Saturdays at 9 a.m. ET, with Ayesha Rascoe and Scott Simon. On Sundays, hear a longer exploration behind the headlines with Ayesha Rascoe on "The Sunday Story," available by 8 a.m. ET. Subscribe and listen, then support your local NPR station at donate.npr.org.<br><br><em>Support NPR's reporting by subscribing to Up First+ and unlock sponsor-free listening. Learn more at plus.npr.org/upfirst</em>
The hope of finding more survivors after a boat carrying migrants that sank Wednesday
off the coast of Greece is fading.
Dozens are dead, more than a hundred rescued.
The fear now is hundreds more are gone.
Is Europe's crackdown on migration making this journey more dangerous?
I'm Laila Faldan.
That's A. Martinez and this is Up First from NPR.
Firefighters in Canada are stretched thin as they fight hundreds of fires in nearly
every Canadian province.
This week, they're getting help from other countries as the smoke from the blazes drifts
south again.
How long will this very early and very intense season of wildfires last?
And a deadly chemical found in street drugs is devastating communities across the country.
We only find out about what's in the street drug supply when it's too late.
We'll hear why so little is known about this deadly horse tranquilizer.
Stay with us.
We've got the news you need to start your day.
At least 79 people are dead after a boat carrying hundreds of migrants capsized early
Wednesday off the coast of Greece.
Yeah, I mean, just over a hundred survivors were initially found.
And while search operations continue, there's little hope that more survivors will be rescued.
And thousands are protesting in Greece over the handling of this capsized boat and over
European immigration policies.
We're joined now from Athens by Associated Press journalist Derek Otopoulos.
He just returned from the Greek port city of Kalamata, where many of the survivors were
taken.
Derek, do they know or does anyone know what caused the boat to sink?
They don't know.
It's the subject of an investigation.
What they believe happened is because the vessel was being tracked before it sank, is
that the large number of people in the vessel, on the deck and below deck, possibly moved
to one side and caused the vessel to capsize.
I think maybe as many as 700 people were on board, which would imply that 500 or so could
be dead.
Wow.
What are the people that survived, what are they saying about what happened?
Well, what we only have at the moment is secondary information from people, from aid workers
and politicians and others who have been speaking to the migrants because they have not been
allowed to speak directly to reporters or people there.
But what they've been saying is that, first of all, they're confirming that women and
children were below deck mostly, and most of the men were above deck, or many of the
men were above deck, and they're among the survivors and the bodies recovered.
So the assumption is and the belief is that these people have gone to the bottom with
the ship.
Wow.
And Leila mentioned earlier thousands of people protesting in Greece over how this was handled.
What is their main concern?
Well, there are several reasons why people are protesting.
Sometimes Greece has a general election coming up on June 25, so that's part of the reason
for the protest.
But the other reason is that people fear, and not just people, but also aid organizations
and sometimes political parties fear that the crackdown on migration is causing smugglers
to take more dangerous, to take more risks, essentially, so that they take long journeys
on unseaworthy boats, as is in this case.
It was traveling from Libya to Italy, which is a long journey, three days, and two-thirds
of the way through its journey, as it passed through Greece, it capsized, mainly because
it was an unseaworthy boat.
And in this kind of tragedy, I mean, you mentioned it, when we go into politics, how have the
changing politics of migration in Europe affected the types of journeys these people try to
make?
Well, it does have a direct effect, because the European Union hasn't been able to finalize
a deal on how to share the burden, if you like, of migrants coming in, because they
all come across the Mediterranean to southern European countries, and then they try to get
to the European countries.
So the crackdown, the inability to figure out how to deal with this has just led to
additional policing and building walls and patrols.
So that has made the journeys across the Mediterranean more dangerous.
And quickly, that additional policing, that cracking down, is that reducing the numbers
of migrants?
It is, but it's making the journeys more dangerous.
Those are the two main things.
That's the Associated Press's Derek Gatopoulos in Athens.
Derek, thank you.
Another round of smoke from Canadian wildfires is drifting south, blanketing parts of the
Midwest and headed for the East Coast.
Millions of Americans will wake up this morning to hazy and in some places hazardous skies.
Around 450 wildfires are currently burning across Canada, which is experiencing a particularly
early and intense fire season.
NPR's Nathan Rot is in Quebec.
Nate, how close are you to some of those wildfires?
Well, A, I am learning that close is a relative term in the province of Quebec.
I'm in a city called Val d'Or, which is in the western part of the province, about a
six-hour drive north of Montreal.
And there is a cluster of major wildfires burning a ways north from here, like a couple
more hours.
But only firefighting personnel are being allowed into those areas right now currently.
And despite some rain over the last couple of days, it's kind of unclear when that's
going to change and when those roads will open up.
Considering the amount of smoke that's drifting across the border, I mean, the wildfires have
got to be intense and got to be massive.
Yeah, they are huge.
I mean, here in Quebec, the amount of land that's burnt is already 10 times what they
would normally see an entire year.
And you know, as you said, we're still really early in the season, only in mid-June.
I was talking to a fire information officer, Melanie Moraine, here yesterday at one of
their bases.
And she said that the scale of this is really complicating things nationally, is because
there are so many fires burning in so many provinces at the exact same time.
And that's what's not common.
And it has limited us being able to help each other within provinces.
And that is one of the reasons why many of the agencies have had to go internationally
for help.
So typically, a Canadian land firefighter has moved around from region to region in
the summer to help out when a place pops off, pretty similar to how we do it in the
U.S.
But right now, with so much fire, they're spread really thin.
And Melanie mentioned international help, but where are the firefighters coming from?
All over the place.
I mean, New Zealand, South Africa, France, a bunch of teams came in earlier this week
from Portugal, Spain, and the U.S.
I actually went to meet two U.S.-based hotshot crews at the airport here in Val d'Or yesterday,
you know, hotshots being the creme de la creme of U.S. ground crews.
And for one of the 20-person teams from Helena, Montana, this was already their second Canadian
deployment this year.
I asked their acting superintendent, Tige Stoyanov, what the biggest difference was
fighting fires here versus the U.S., you know, besides the obvious language barrier, which
he said they've been using apps to address.
And he said access in these dense, remote boreal forests has been a real issue.
It's challenging to move around in and challenging to see where the fire is, challenging to see
the quarter mile sometimes.
So they use aviation assets pretty heavily, scoopers and helicopters.
Helicopters are almost like pickup trucks up here.
And scoopers, if you're wondering, are fixed-wing aircraft, airplanes that literally scoop water
from lakes or big bodies of water and then dump them on the fires.
Yeah.
Regrettably, Nate, I'm not wondering.
I watch them work close.
I live in Southern California, so I see them all the time.
Given, though, the remoteness of these fires, is it safe to say they're going to be burning
for a while?
Absolutely.
I mean, we're still early in the summer.
I've heard some people say that they expect these fires to burn until it starts snowing,
which to be clear, A, as you know, being in California, that's not necessarily bad.
Fire is a part of a lot of these landscapes.
The concern, though, is that this has happened so intensely so early in the season and that
it's going to continue here for a while.
All right.
That's NPR's Nathan Rott in Quebec.
Wear a mask, Nate.
Yeah.
I appreciate it, A.
How is a dangerous chemical called xylosine ending up in America's street drugs?
The chemical, often mixed with fentanyl, is turning up all over the country, wreaking
havoc on people with addiction.
Jessica lives in Newcastle, Delaware.
It just eats your skin away and you just have a hole and then it leaves a scar.
But experts say it's unclear how and why xylosine is spreading so fast.
NPR addiction correspondent Brian Mann found this lack of information is part of a wider
story.
Brian, how can it be that public health officials and law enforcement don't seem to know where
xylosine is coming from?
Yeah, this really is remarkable, A. And it points to one of the dilemmas of America's
addiction overdose epidemic.
Everyone agrees that there's a public health crisis underway, 110,000 deaths last year.
But from the start, the U.S. hasn't done the most basic thing during an epidemic, which
is gather good data, you know, fast, accurate information, intel on what drugs are on the
market, whether it all tends to be siloed in law enforcement agencies and disseminated
really slowly.
I spoke about this with Navarone Descoupta, who runs a lab at the University of North
Carolina that samples street drugs collected all over the U.S.
We only find out about what's in the street drug supply when it's too late, when people
are either dead or arrested.
And experts say this lack of information slowed the public health response when fentanyl began
to spread.
Now, xylosine is spreading fast and many communities still aren't even testing for the drug.
Why don't government agencies track street drugs and overdoses more accurately?
Yeah, the experts I've spoken to say this is a legacy of decades of public policy that
leaned more toward the drug war, you know, police and law enforcement rather than public
health.
And this angers people grappling with this overdose crisis.
Levi Wardell is in recovery from drug and alcohol addiction himself, and he works now
as a funeral home director in Cheyenne, Wyoming.
And in that role, he helps families who've lost loved ones to drugs.
And he says it's just crazy that officials don't track dangerous drugs and overdoses
the way we track other public health threats.
Do you remember when COVID started happening on the news?
It was nonstop.
And you saw the map, you saw where places getting red, where hotspots were, all of this
stuff.
Like, why would that not be available for this?
The Biden administration has tried to improve drug data collection, but government officials
acknowledge the system's still slow and primitive.
Big national solutions like monitoring wastewater for illicit drugs or requiring law enforcement
agencies to report new substances that they're detecting.
Those ideas just haven't gained traction.
So many people are dying.
How are people on the front lines dealing with this lack of information?
Yeah, people are trying to get creative.
Creative cities in some states are improving their local tracking and their information
sharing systems.
And nonprofit groups are doing the best they can.
I spoke about this with Sam Rivera, who's with On Point.
It's a group that runs a harm reduction clinic in New York City.
The way, you know, we have national harm reduction calls once a month or so, and we're always
checking in with each other.
What's there?
What are you finding here?
What are you finding there?
And people I talk to say this kind of communication is helping, but it's a far cry from the kind
of real-time national public health data the experts say is needed.
That's NPR Addiction Correspondent Brian Mann.
Brian, thanks.
Thank you.
The Massachusetts Air National Guard's been accused of leaking top-secret government documents
has been indicted by a federal grand jury.
21-year-old Jack Tashira is charged with six counts that each carry up to a decade in prison.
He was arrested in April after being accused of sharing classified information on Ukraine
and other U.S. intelligence in an online chat.
Tashira is in jail while he waits for the start of his trial.
And that's Up First for Friday, June 16th.
I'm A. Martinez.
And I'm Laila Faldal.
Up First is produced by David West, Milton Gavada, and Lindsay Toddy.
Our editors are Adam Beirne, Dede Skanky, Andrea DeLeon, and Alice Wolfley.
Our technical director is Zach Coleman, with engineering support from Carly Strange.
And our executive producer is Erika Aguilar.
Up First airs on Saturday, too.
Aisha Roscoe and Scott Simon have all the news.
It'll be right here in this feed or wherever you get your podcasts.
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