Putin Year-End Address, SCOTUS Abortion Access, Trump Fraud Trial

2023-12-14 00:13:39

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4Speaker 4
00:02.74 – 00:07.32

Russian President Vladimir Putin long ago cracked down on his country's independent

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media, but at the end of most years he holds an extended press conference.

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What does he say as another year ends with his country still at war in Ukraine?

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I'm Steve Inskeep and this is Up First from NPR News.

00:21.68 – 00:26.42

The Supreme Court, having ended a constitutional right to abortion, will hear its first abortion

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case since overturning Roe v. Wade.

00:28.72 – 00:31.52

This is a challenge to an abortion pill.

00:31.98 – 00:34.94

Lower courts have delivered mixed rulings on the pill.

00:35.22 – 00:37.18

What does this mean for women who receive it in the mail?

00:37.64 – 00:40.86

Also the civil fraud trial against former President Trump is done.

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The judge already found that his company inflated the value of its properties.

00:45.72 – 00:48.20

So what did 10 weeks of testimony add?

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Stay with us.

00:49.24 – 00:51.06

We've got the news you need to start your day.

2Speaker 2
00:56.36 – 01:00.50

On the TED Radio Hour, MIT psychologist Sherry Turkle.

4Speaker 4
01:00.96 – 01:06.46

Her latest research into the intimate relationships people are having with chatbots.

3Speaker 3
01:07.00 – 01:14.04

Technologies that say, I care about you, I love you, I'm here for you, take care of me.

2Speaker 2
01:14.48 – 01:17.56

The pros and cons of artificial intimacy.

01:18.04 – 01:20.22

That's on the TED Radio Hour from NPR.

4Speaker 4
01:22.28 – 01:25.22

Russian President Vladimir Putin is talking today.

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A lot.

01:26.54 – 01:28.74

This is an almost annual tradition.

01:28.92 – 01:32.04

Putin holds an extended press conference at the end of the year.

01:32.44 – 01:35.98

He also hosts a televised call-in show with the Russian public.

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I say almost annual because Putin skipped this last year as his invasion of Ukraine

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went wrong.

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Today, both rituals are back and combined into one.

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NPR's Charles Mainz is following along in Moscow and joins us now.

01:50.58 – 01:51.26

Hey there, Charles.

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Good morning.

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I guess we should note, as you and I are talking, we're in the middle of an event that can usually

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go for hours.

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So what is Putin saying?

1Speaker 1
02:00.00 – 02:04.14

Well, so far it's classic Putin with his meld of conservatism and nationalism.

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Once again, we hear him arguing that Russia is the defender of so-called traditional values,

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accusing the West of trying to isolate and destroy the country.

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Let's listen to a taste.

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So here Putin says that Russia's very survival rests on maintaining its sovereignty, the

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implication here that Russia needs to defend its independence from the West in every sphere,

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from politics to culture to the economy.

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Now, Putin in some ways undermined the main intrigue of today's event with last week's

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announcement given at a small Kremlin gathering rather than from the big stage here that he

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intends to stand for a fifth term in office when the country holds elections in March

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of next year.

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So today, de facto, Putin is in campaign mode.

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Moreover, for an election he's universally expected to win, yet in its own strange way,

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this year-end press conference event is also what passes for retail politics here.

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Russians submit videos pleading with Putin directly to intervene with problems that affect

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daily life, saying, we've got no hot water, we need someone to fix the heating, the mayor

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won't build the bridge, all that kind of stuff.

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And so we often see Putin all too happy to intervene, you know, forever the benevolent

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czar.

4Speaker 4
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This seems like an event where the event itself is part of the message.

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So what do we learn from the fact that Putin, unlike last year, is holding it?

1Speaker 1
03:22.76 – 03:23.88

Well, quite a bit, I think.

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You know, Putin canceled last year's event, as you note, amid Russia's invasion as it

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wasn't going well.

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But clearly Putin is feeling much more confident these days about Russia's prospects.

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And the fact that he's on the stage is proof of that.

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You know, he's arguing Russia's wartime economy has successfully weathered Western sanctions.

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He points to Ukraine's failed counteroffensive, and he sees U.S. military support for Ukraine,

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in particular in Congress, stalling.

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Meanwhile, Russia has settled in for this war over the long haul.

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Just last night, Ukraine says Russia launched another barrage of drones and missiles.

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So the Russian attacks keep coming, and Putin argues that Russia will come out on top and

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keep fighting until it achieves its goals in Ukraine, even if that's at great human

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cost.

4Speaker 4
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Although, how much of that is hours-long theater from Putin?

1Speaker 1
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You know, you can think of it as informative theater.

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There are plenty of moments designed to make Putin look good, and there are certainly real

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questions, even tough ones, with the caveat that there are usually no follow-ups.

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So Putin, who, after all, has been doing this for two decades, quite easily handles these

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meddlesome queries from journalists.

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And even though Russia's media are almost entirely state-controlled, there are difficult

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questions being raised in Russian society, particularly over the war in Ukraine, which

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is soon entering its third year.

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For example, we've heard from families of mobilized conscripts, civilians who were drafted

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into the war last September in what was a very unpopular move by Putin.

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They've been angling to get an audience with Putin today and demand the return of their

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loved ones from the front immediately.

4Speaker 4
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Interesting.

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So he has an opportunity to take tough questions, but on his terms.

1Speaker 1
04:53.66 – 04:54.06

Exactly.

4Speaker 4
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That's NPR's Charles Mains in Moscow.

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Thanks so much.

1Speaker 1
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Thank you.

4Speaker 4
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In this country, the Supreme Court has agreed to hear a case about an abortion pill.

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The court says it will review lower court decisions that would make it harder to get

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Mephistophan next year.

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Let's talk about this with Sarah Varney, who is a journalist who covers reproductive rights.

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Sarah, good morning.

3Speaker 3
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Good morning.

4Speaker 4
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What's at issue here?

3Speaker 3
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So just to walk through what's happened so far, there was a federal judge in Amarillo,

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Texas.

05:28.08 – 05:33.32

He was appointed by former President Trump, and he actually revoked the approval of Mifepristone

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entirely.

05:34.74 – 05:39.06

Then that decision was appealed to the Fifth Circuit, which is in New Orleans, and that

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court didn't agree with that sweeping decision.

05:41.74 – 05:46.92

But it did agree with a group of anti-abortion organizations that argued the FDA's approval

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process of Mifepristone was flawed and that the FDA erred when it made the drug more widely

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available, including through telemedicine and through the mail.

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So yesterday, the Supreme Court justices agreed to take up an appeal to that decision from

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the company that makes Mifepristone and the Biden administration, and they're asking the

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Supreme Court to reverse that ruling by the Fifth Circuit.

4Speaker 4
06:08.00 – 06:08.68

Well, this is really interesting.

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So it's not just a yes-no decision on whether the FDA properly approved this pill.

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There are also questions about how it's accessible and a variety of FDA choices over a variety

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of years.

06:20.80 – 06:23.90

So how could access to the pill be affected?

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Sure.

3Speaker 3
06:25.26 – 06:29.32

Well, you know, just to start, abortion pills account for more than half of all abortions

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in this country, and they're really used also by OBGYNs to manage early miscarriages.

06:34.70 – 06:36.78

So, you know, they're hugely important.

06:37.42 – 06:41.52

If the Supreme Court upholds the appellate ruling by the Fifth Circuit, then patients

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would not be able to get Mifepristone through the mail, even if they live in states like

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Massachusetts or California, where abortion is legal.

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They would have to make three separate appointments in person with a doctor.

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This is not currently required.

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And instead of being able to use Mifepristone into the 10th week of pregnancy, patients

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could only use it until seven weeks.

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This doesn't mean medication abortion would become entirely unavailable.

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Clinics and physicians and telemedicine services could still prescribe a drug called misoprostol.

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That's usually taken with Mifepristone, but it can also be taken safely and effectively

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on its own.

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And just to note that misoprostol was actually approved by the FDA in 1988, so quite a long

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time ago, to treat gastric ulcers.

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The anti-abortion groups, we just haven't seen them target that approval process yet.

4Speaker 4
07:27.76 – 07:28.74

Yet, you say.

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Now, since this is all about FDA approval and whether it was proper, what does this

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case mean for the FDA?

3Speaker 3
07:34.94 – 07:37.36

Yeah, this is a really unusual case.

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The FDA approved this medication more than two decades ago.

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More than 5 million people in the U.S. have used it safely.

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It's approved for use around the world.

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And this case has attracted a lot of attention from FDA scholars.

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Some who support abortion rights, others do not.

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They actually filed an amicus brief defending the FDA's rigorous drug approval process.

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And they argue that if religious groups or private individuals can challenge each drug

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that the FDA reviews, that it really undermines the entire FDA regulatory authority and it's

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going to throw the pharmaceutical industry and really the country's regulation of drugs

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just into disarray.

4Speaker 4
08:14.58 – 08:20.86

I'm just remembering that a Supreme Court decision in 2022, a few months before an election,

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had a big effect on that election.

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Now aren't we talking about a ruling on this abortion pill that would again come out in

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an election year next year?

3Speaker 3
08:31.16 – 08:32.14

That's exactly right.

08:32.46 – 08:37.12

Yeah, so the court typically issues its decisions by the end of June, although that can sometimes

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tip over into July.

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So you're right.

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That puts the court on just a collision course with the presidential campaign, which will

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be, of course, in full swing by then.

08:45.94 – 08:50.82

We've seen repeatedly that voters, even in conservative states, support abortion rights.

08:51.14 – 08:55.26

We just saw Ohio voters enshrined a right to abortion recently in their constitution.

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And there are actually some other campaigns for abortion rights ballot measures underway

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in Florida and Arizona, among other states.

4Speaker 4
09:02.66 – 09:02.80

Okay.

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Journalist Sarah Varney, thanks so much.

3Speaker 3
09:05.10 – 09:05.74

Oh, thank you.

4Speaker 4
09:10.78 – 09:16.40

Okay, after a 10-week fraud trial where Donald Trump and his three oldest children testified

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in public for the first time ever, well, testimony's over.

09:20.80 – 09:25.10

An assistant attorney general said the people have rested, and soon the case goes to a judge.

09:25.62 – 09:28.84

NPR's Andrea Bernstein has been covering the case and joins us now.

09:28.92 – 09:29.52

Andrea, good morning.

2Speaker 2
09:29.80 – 09:30.28

Good morning.

4Speaker 4
09:30.38 – 09:31.24

What's at stake here?

2Speaker 2
09:32.08 – 09:38.54

So in this trial, even before testimony began, the judge ruled in favor of the New York attorney

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general in the first claim of her case, that the Trumps had committed persistent and repeated

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fraud.

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And the judge ordered the Trumps to start turning over their business certificates in

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preparation for a possible dissolution of the company.

09:52.34 – 09:53.80

That part's been put on hold.

09:54.28 – 09:59.10

At one point in the trial, the judge said, I've already decided these were ill-gotten

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gains.

10:00.44 – 10:05.74

So the question is, by how much will he order the Trumps to pay back the state?

4Speaker 4
10:05.90 – 10:11.12

Okay, so if it's already decided that they did the thing that they're accused of, why

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did they go on with 10 weeks of testimony?

2Speaker 2
10:13.70 – 10:19.18

So the judge only ruled on one of seven counts, and there was a lot more to learn.

10:19.46 – 10:24.64

First, from the employees, appraisers, and accountants who really divulged the details

10:24.64 – 10:25.24

of all this.

10:25.24 – 10:31.54

So let's take the value of the triplex at Trump Tower, which Trump said was three times

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as big as it really was.

10:33.42 – 10:34.20

Here's how it worked.

10:34.74 – 10:39.10

Trump's chief financial officer told a broker that worked for the Trumps that the apartment

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was 30,000 square feet instead of 10,000.

10:42.38 – 10:47.00

So the broker came up with a value that was three times bigger than it should have been.

10:47.26 – 10:51.24

And then that false value was attributed back to the broker.

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So when the Trumps were caught lying by Forbes about the value of the triplex, what happened

10:57.54 – 11:02.70

is Trump's employees pumped up the value of another property at 40 Wall Street to make

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up the difference in the lowered value on the statement of financial condition.

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This was what former Trump corporate vice president Michael Cohen testified was called

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reverse engineering of the numbers.

4Speaker 4
11:14.90 – 11:18.14

And I guess we'll remind people that this matters not just because you're bragging,

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but because you may borrow money on the value of properties or do any number of other things

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based on the value of your properties.

11:23.90 – 11:28.12

And that's what prosecutors describe as fraud or what the court, rather the people, so to

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speak, the government describes as fraud.

11:30.26 – 11:33.42

What did the former president's testimony teach us, if anything?

2Speaker 2
11:34.20 – 11:38.40

Well, one of the things that we learned is that he actually admitted that he was in charge

11:38.40 – 11:42.12

of those statements of financial condition that the judge had found were fraudulent.

11:42.72 – 11:47.06

So even though he was somebody himself who'd been in real estate all his life, he said,

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well, maybe this was because the broker mistakenly included the roof or the elevator shafts.

11:53.06 – 11:57.90

Meanwhile, Trump's sons, Don Jr. and Eric, who really were in charge of the company when

11:57.90 – 12:00.60

when Trump took over the White House, said, well, it wasn't us.

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It was our lawyers.

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It was our accountants.

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And then there was Ivanka Trump, who is not a defendant, but who acknowledged sending

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e-mails and letters that really laid out how, based on these fraudulent statements, the

12:13.62 – 12:18.78

Trumps were able to get loan rates, maybe around 2%, when out in the market, they're

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about 30%.

4Speaker 4
12:19.86 – 12:20.54

Wow.

12:20.72 – 12:21.66

OK, that's a difference.

12:22.04 – 12:24.40

So very briefly, what is the defense case here?

2Speaker 2
12:25.00 – 12:28.24

So a big part of what the Trumps have said is no one was harmed.

12:28.72 – 12:32.24

A major bank involved said it was seeking out Trump's business.

12:32.44 – 12:34.58

One executive called it whale hunting.

12:35.16 – 12:39.10

And inside and outside the courtroom, the Trumps have accused the AG and the judge of

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bias.

12:39.98 – 12:42.28

They've made it very clear they will appeal.

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In any event, we should see a verdict from the judge in January after we get some closing

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briefs and arguments.

4Speaker 4
12:49.56 – 12:51.12

And, Paris, Andrea Bernstein, thanks so much.

2Speaker 2
12:51.38 – 12:51.84

Thank you.

4Speaker 4
12:54.56 – 12:57.46

And that's a first for this Thursday, December 14th.

12:57.46 – 12:58.58

I'm Steve Inskeep.

12:58.88 – 13:04.62

Today's episode was edited by Mark Katkoff, Will Stone, Dana Farrington, and H.J. Mai.

13:04.74 – 13:08.20

It was produced by Katie Klein, David West, and Lindsay Todd.

13:08.20 – 13:10.70

And we get engineering support from Stacey Abbott.

13:10.96 – 13:13.04

Our technical director is Zach Coleman.

13:13.40 – 13:19.02

Join us tomorrow and listen to this podcast sponsor-free while financially supporting

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public media if you listen to Up First Plus.

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You can learn more at plus.npr.org.

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